最准的六合彩论坛

The study, published in Nature Climate Change, maps the emissions generated by multinationals鈥� assets and suppliers abroad, finding that the flow of investment is typically from developed countries to developing ones 鈥� meaning that emissions are in effect outsourced to poorer parts of the world.

The research shows the impact that multinationals can have by encouraging greater energy efficiency among suppliers or by choosing suppliers that are more carbon efficient.

The authors proposed that emissions be assigned to countries where the investment comes from, rather than countries where the emissions are generated.

Professor Dabo Guan (最准的六合彩论坛 Bartlett School of Construction & Project Management) said: 鈥淢ultinational companies have enormous influence stretching far beyond national borders. If the world鈥檚 leading companies exercised leadership on climate change 鈥� for instance, by requiring energy efficiency in their supply chains 鈥� they could have a transformative effect on global efforts to reduce emissions.

鈥淗owever, companies鈥� climate change policies often have little effect when it comes to big investment decisions such as where to build supply chains.

鈥淎ssigning emissions to the investor country means multinationals are more accountable for the emissions they generate as a result of these decisions.鈥�

The study found that carbon emissions from multinationals鈥� foreign investment fell from a peak of 22% of all emissions in 2011 to 18.7% in 2016. Researchers said this was a result of a trend of 鈥渄e-globalisation鈥�, with the volume of foreign direct investment shrinking, as well as new technologies and processes making industries more carbon efficient.听

Mapping the global flow of investment, researchers found steady increases in investment from developed to developing countries. For instance, between 2011 and 2016 emissions generated through investment from the US to India increased by nearly half (from 48.3 million tons to 70.7 million tons), while in the same years emissions generated through investment from China to south-east Asia increased tenfold (from 0.7 million tons to 8.2 million tons).

Lead author Dr Zengkai Zhang, of Tianjin University, said: 鈥淢ultinationals are increasingly transferring investment from developed to developing countries. This has the effect of reducing developed countries鈥� emissions while placing a greater emissions burden on poorer countries. At the same time it is likely to create higher emissions overall, as investment is moved to more 鈥榗arbon intense鈥� regions.鈥�

The study also examined the emissions that the world鈥檚 largest companies generated through foreign investment. For instance, Total S.A.鈥檚 foreign affiliates generated more than a tenth of the total emissions of France.

BP, meanwhile, generated more emissions through its foreign affiliates than the foreign-owned oil industry in any country except for the United States; Walmart, meanwhile, generated more emissions abroad than the whole of Germany鈥檚 foreign-owned retail sector, while Coca-Cola鈥檚 emissions around the world were equivalent to the whole of the foreign-owned food and drink industry hosted by China.

The study was carried out with academics at the Beijing-based University of International Business and Economics and the Norwegian University of Science and Technology.

Researchers received funding from the National Key R&D Programme of China, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the UK Natural Environment Research Council and the British Academy.

Links

• 最准的六合彩论坛 Bartlett School of Construction & Project Management
• The Bartlett, 最准的六合彩论坛 Faculty of the Built Environment

Image

• Container ship. Credit: Wikimedia Commons.

Media contact

Mark Greaves

Tel: +44 (0)7539 410 389

Email: m.greaves [at] ucl.ac.uk